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Leg prothesis
Bulva, Ondřej ; Harabiš, Vratislav (referee) ; Balogh, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with the current state of development of active lower limb prostheses and focuses mainly on own design of active prostheses. The introduction deals with the anatomy of lower limb and briefly describes the walk cycle. In other chapters are summarized amputation techniques in the lower limb, followed by a description of the allocation of prostheses according to the level of amputation, which were described in earlier chapters. The thesis also deals with the division of prostheses according to the patient's activity level and briefly describes the structural differences in these individual cases. Chapter describing the actual development in the field of active prostheses initiates part dealing with the detailed description of the part of the prosthesis. The following chapters deal with the design and implementation of a prototype of active transfemoral prosthesis. The penultimate chapter deals with the software description of all parts of the prosthesis. This chapter is followed by an evaluation of the achieved results.
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Biomechanical study of the effect of various leg length to stress skeleton
Novotný, Lukáš ; Marcián, Petr (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
The key role of this thesis deals with providing light on the influence of unequal length of limbs in particular with legs and the stress it might leave on human body parts, possibilities and ways of its reparation. As per the research conducted in the first chapter which allows to get an insight and summary about the issues and also provides information related to unequal length of lower limbs and hardships involved. The following part explains the basics of anatomy related to unequal length of legs and solution of force interaction in the hip joint. Suitable attention is dedicated to the influence of unequal leg length and equalization of unequal length legs. A separate part of the thesis is devoted to the effect of unequal lower limb on contact pressure between the femoral head and the hip joint. Computational analysis of the contact pressures using final elements method in computing software Ansys Workbench 16.2 proved a negative impact of uneven length of lower limbs to stress on the hip joint.
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Stress - strain analysis of inferios limb with fixator type Orthofix
Mrázek, Michal ; Fuis, Vladimír (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
This diploma thesis aims to create a stress strain analysis of Orthofix external fixator applied to lower limb. The introduction summarizes the background research in available scientific publications, targetting the alternatives of treatment, namely application and fixation solutions of long bones. Furthermore parametric models of the fixator and tibia are created in CAD system CATIA. The fixator model enables to create different geometric variations simulating possible fixator settings and moment load in the range of 1-10 Nm. These geometric and loading states of fixator are solved via FEM in ANSYS. Single versions of the states of Orthofix fixator are then subjected to the stress strain analysis.
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Ultrasound blood flow detector
Šimák, Jakub ; Dlouhý, Jiří (referee) ; Rozman, Jiří (advisor)
Bachelor's thesis deals with design and electrical scheme of simple ultrasonic blood flow indicator, by which is possible get information of speed of blood without any invasion into patient's body. This device has been proposed for measure speed of blood in lower limbs, mainly patients with ischemic disease.
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Impact of food and lower leg massage on postural stability
Novák, Matěj ; Nováková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Hošková, Blanka (referee)
Title: Impact of foot and lower limb massage postural stability Objectives: Find out what impact does sport massage of foot and lower limb has on postural stability. Methods: The research was realized in the form of a Crossover design experiment and involved 8 subjects. It was a one-group experiment where all participants were part of both the experimental and control groups. The measurement results were based on comparing the input and outcome measurements, with foot and calf massage being performed on the experimental group of subjects, while the control group was passively resting by lying on their backs. A pressure plate called Footscan was used to obtain the results in the Laboratory of Sports Motorics at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University. Results: In the overall comparison of the results of all measured stances it is possible to see that in the first four stances, without the foam pad, experimental group achieved positive results even by ten percent. Only the results of narrow standing with eyes open (USOO) were negative. There was a deterioration of 21% in delta X and 15% in delta Y. However, these results cannot be considered positive since the control group achieved similar results with the same positive or negative tendencies in almost all evaluated...
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A Case Study of Physiotherapy Treatment Concerning a Patient after Transfemoral Amputation
Lhota, Lukáš ; Novotná, Irena (advisor) ; Nový, Filip (referee)
Author: Lukáš Lhota Supervisor: Mgr. Irena Novotná Title: A case study of physiotherapy treatment concerning a patient after transfemoral amputation Objectives: The aim of this bachelor thesis is to elaborate the theoretical knowledge of lower limb amputations. Furthermore, I will present a case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with a diagnosis of unilateral transfemoral amputation and evaluate the effect of therapy with subsequent discussion. Methods: The bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical and special parts. The theoretical part is a research elaboration of kinesiological background and theoretical knowledge regarding lower limb amputations with a focus on the subsequent rehabilitation, especially its physiotherapeutic part. In the special part, a case report of a patient after transfemoral amputation, which was prepared in the Regional Hospital Kladno, is presented. The case report contains the patient's history and initial kinesiological analysis on the basis of which short-term and long-term goals were developed. It also contains a record of individual therapeutic units, an output kinesiological analysis, the effect of therapy and a subsequent discussion. Results: During the physiotherapeutic intervention, stump flexion was reduced, breathing waveform improved, lower limb,...
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Case Study of Physiotherapy Treatment of a Patient with Diagnosis after total hip arthroplasty
Záhorová, Lucie ; Neuwirthová, Svatava (advisor) ; Novotná, Irena (referee)
Author: Lucie Záhorová Supervisor: Mgr. Svatava Neuwirthová Title: Case Study of Physiotherapy Treatment of Patient after total hip arthroplasty Objectives: The aim of this thesis is a case study of physiotherapeutic care of a patient after total hip arthroplasty, evaluation of the effect of therapy and theoretical treatment of this diagnosis. Methods: The bachelor thesis consists of a general part, which uses the literature to discuss the topic of total hip arthroplasty, and a special part, which contains a case report of a patient with this diagnosis. The special part includes a comprehensive initial kinesiological examination, description of the individual therapeutic units, an output kinesiological examination and an evaluation of the effect of therapy. Results: The final kinesiological examination confirmed that the therapies had a positive effect on the patient's health. The greatest improvement is seen in the increase in muscle strength in the right hip joint and the increase in range of motion. Another improvement is the reduction of swelling and the effect on the shortened muscles. These results prove that the therapies were effective. Conclusion: During the rehabilitation program, which lasted two weeks, the patient attended a total of eight therapies. At the end, an outcome...
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Nursing care for patients after amputation of the lower limbs in the home environment
RŮŽIČKOVÁ, Karolína
My bachelor thesis deals with nursing care in patients after amputation of lower limbs in the home environment. The main objective of the thesis was to describe the provided nursing care in patients after amputation of the lower limb in the home environment, to find out the cooperation of nurses and family members in these patients and how nurses evaluate self-sufficiency in patients after amputation of the lower limb in the home environment. In order to meet these goals, we have chosen the following research questions. What nursing care do nurses provide to patients after lower limb amputation in the home environment? How do nurses providing nursing care in a home environment to patients after lower limb amputation cooperate with their family members? How do nurses providing nursing care in the home environment evaluate patients after amputation of the lower limb their self-sufficiency? The research was carried out using qualitative research, specifically in the form of a semi-structured interview. The research sample was consisted of 10 respondents. The selected respondents were nurses from home care agencies of the South Bohemian Region, caring, among other things, for patients after amputation of the lower limb. Based on a research investigation, we found that nursing care provided in the home environment of an amputated patient is almost no different from nursing care provided in a hospital facility. Nurses focus on very similar activities such as wound dressings and stump bandaging. For some nurses working in home care, psychological support for the patient also played an important role in the provision of nursing care. The results also showed that cooperation between nurses and family members is largely effective. The family took care of its amputated family member primarily as part of personal hygiene and eating or provides daily assistance with walking and movement. Not only in the hospital, but also in the home environment, nurses evaluated the self-sufficiency of amputated patients. Thanks to the research investigation, we have revealed that some nurses evaluate self-sufficiency according to evaluation scales, for some the mobility of the amputated patient is essential or they take into account the general condition of the patient.
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Case Study of Physiotherapy Treatment of a Pacient after II. - V. Metatarsal Fracture
Kučerová, Kamila ; Stupková, Michaela (advisor) ; Těšitelová, Pavlína (referee)
Title: Case Study of Physiotherapy Treatment of a Pacient after II.-V. Metatarsal Fracture Aim: The aim of the theoretical part of this bachelor thesis is to summarize theoretical knowledge about foot fractures. The aim of the practical part is to process the patient's case report after the II.-V. metatarsal fracture. Method: The bachelor thesis consists of two parts theoretical and practical. The theoretical part includes theoretical knowledge about kinesiology of the foot, traumatology and subsequent rehabilitation care of the foot area. The practical part is devoted to the case report of the patient after the II.-V. metatarsal fracture. It includes the initial kinesiological analysis, a short-term and long-term physiotherapeutic plan, the description of individual therapeutic units, the final kinesiological analysis and the overall evaluation of the effect of the conducted therapy. The case report was prepared within the framework of continuous professional practice in CLPA. Results: A significant improvement in the patient's health was observed after the eight therapeutic sessions. In particular, there was a reduction in swelling and pain, an increase in range of motion, an increase in muscle strength and also an improvement in the gait and overall stability. Key words: physiotherapy, case...
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Casuistry of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with the diagnosis of unilateral lower leg amputation
Macháčková Hassmannová, Kristina ; Reckziegelová, Petra (advisor) ; Vilda, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Casuistry of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with the diagnosis of unilateral lower leg amputation Aims: Aim of this bachelor thesis is to theoretically proces the lower limb amputation issue with the specialization on the lower leg amputation, to proces casuistry of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with this diagnosis with the therapy evaluation effect. Methods: The general part has been processed by the theoretical base recherche template for the lower limb amputation issues. I processed the definition of amputations theoretically, along with the anatomy of bones, muscles and the nerve and blood vessel supply to the lower leg, etiology, prevention, types, amputation complications and therapy. Special part of the thesis is formed by the casuistry of patient D.S. with the diagnosis of unilateral lower leg amputation. The casuistry originated as an outcome of my bachelor's practice at the Rehabilitation clinic Malvazinky from 18.1.2016 to 12.2.2016. It contains an anamnesis, kinesiological entry analysis, suggestion and therapy aims, nine therapeutical units, kinesiology input analysis and therapy effect evaluation. Outcomes: During the therapy, the patient improved in torso stability, correct breath wave practice, stump scar soft tissue relaxation, post amputation scar relaxation...
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